OSPAP | GPhC

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Course Overview

Schedule of Classes

Course Curriculum

24 Subjects

OSPAP | GPhC

Cardiovascular

11 Exercises • 169 Learning Materials

Coronary Artery Disease / Stable Angina

Introduction

Investigations

Nonpharmacologic choices

Drugs that Decrease or Prevent Angina

Drugs That Decrease the Risk of Cardiovascular Death and Nonfatal MI

Drugs that Increase the Risk of Cardiovascular Death and Nonfatal MI

Treating - Modifiable Risk Factors

Drug Table - Nitrates

Drug Table - Antiplatelet Agents

Drug Table - Antianginal

Drug Table - Beta1-Adrenergic Antagonists

Drug Table - Calcium Channel Blockers

Algorithms - Management of Stable Angina Pectoris

Image

Coronary Artery Disease

Exercise

Acute Coronary Syndromes & Myocardial Infarction

Introduction

Investigations

Therapeutic Choices: UA / NSTEMI

Therapeutic Choices: STEMI

Drug Table - Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) Inhibitors

Drug Table - Antiplatelet Agents

Drug Table - Fibrinolytics

Drug Table - Beta1-adrenergic Antagonists.

Drug Table - Calcium Channel Blockers

Drug Table - Heparin / Fondaparinux

Drug Table - Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonists

Drug Table - Nitrates

Complications of STEMI

Choices during Pregnancy and Breastfeeding

Algorithms - Management of UA / NSTEMI

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Algorithms - Management of STEMI

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Acute Coronary Syndromes & Myocardial Infarction

Exercise

Dyslipidemia

Introduction

Investigations

Criteria for Intervention

Framingham Heart Study (Estimating the 10-Year Risk of CVD)

Image

Nonpharmacologic Choices

Pharmacologic Choices

HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors (Statins)

Statin – Indications / Adverse Effects

Cholesterol Absorption Inhibitors

Fibrates

Resins

Icosapent Ethyl

PCSK9 Inhibitors

Microsomal Triglyceride Transfer Protein Inhibitors

Nicotinic Acid (Niacin)

Nonprescription Agents

Choices during Pregnancy and Breastfeeding

Algorithm – Management of dyslipidemia

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Algorithm – Management of Statin induced myopathy

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Dyslipidemia

Exercise

Hypertension

Introduction

Investigations

Diagnosis

Nonpharmacologic Choices

Pharmacologic Choices

Diuretics

Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors

Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers

Direct Renin Inhibitors

Calcium Channel Blockers

Beta1-Adrenergic Antagonists

Other Antihypertensive Drugs

Combination Therapy

Drug Tables - Combination Therapy

Individualization of Antihypertensive Therapy

Adherence / Resistant Hypertension / Hypertensive Emergencies

Choices during Pregnancy and Breastfeeding

Algorithm - Diagnosis of Hypertension

Image

Hypertension

Exercise

Heart Failure

Introduction

Investigations

Natriuretic Peptide / Diagnosis of Heart Failure

Factors That Can Exacerbate Heart Failure

Nonpharmacologic Choices:

Treatment Decisions

Pharmacologic Choices - Diuretics

Agents to Treat Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction

Outcomes - Drugs Used for Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction

Agents to Treat Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction

Drug Table - Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors

Drug Table - Angiotensin II Receptor Antagonists

Drug Table - Angiotensin Receptor-Neprilysin Inhibitor Combination

Drug Table - Beta1-adrenergic Antagonists

Drug Table - If Current Inhibitor

Drug Table - Inotropic Agents

Drug Table - Loop Diuretics

Drug Table - Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonists (MRAs)

Drug Table - Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors

Drug Table - Thiazides and Related Diuretics

Drug Table – Vasodilators

Choices during Pregnancy and Breastfeeding

Algorithm - Evaluation of Patients with Heart Failure

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Algorithm - Management of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction

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Heart Failure

Exercise

Stroke

Introduction

Investigations

Nonpharmacologic Choices - Acute Ischemic Stroke

Pharmacologic Choices - Ischemic Stroke

Table - Drugs Used to Treat Acute Ischemic Stroke

Thrombolysis in Acute Ischemic Stroke: Treatment Criteria

Thrombolysis in Acute Ischemic Stroke: Monitoring

Choices During Pregnancy and Breastfeeding

Hemorrhagic Stroke - Pharmacologic Choices

Subarachnoid Hemorrhage - Pharmacologic Choices

Table - Drugs Used to Treat Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

Prevention of Ischemic Stroke

Investigations - Prevention of Ischemic Stroke

Nonpharmacologic Choices - Prevention of Ischemic Stroke

Pharmacologic Choices - Prevention of Ischemic Stroke

Table - Drugs Used in Secondary Prevention of Stroke

Choices during Pregnancy and Breastfeeding

Algorithm - General Management of the Stroke Patient

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Algorithm - ED - Management of Patients with Suspected Stroke

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Algorithm – Secondary Prevention of Cerebral Ischemia

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Stroke

Exercise

Arrhythmias

Introduction - Ventricular Tachyarrhythmias

Investigations (VT/VF)

Significance of VT/VF

QT Prolongation and Arrhythmia Risk

Medications and QT Prolongation

Nonpharmacologic Choices (VT/VF)

Pharmacologic Choices (VT/VF)

Drug Table - Beta1-Adrenergic Antagonists - VT/ VF

Drug Table - Antiarrhythmics - VT/ VF

Algorithm - Management of Nonsustained Ventricular Tachycardia

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Algorithm - Long-Term Management of Sustained Ventricular Tachycardia

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Introduction - Supraventricular Tachycardia (SVT)

Investigations (SVT)

Nonpharmacologic Choices (SVT)

Long-Term Management of Atrial Fibrillation or Atrial Flutter

Heart Rate Control in Patients with Persistent or Permanent Atrial Fibrillation or Atrial Flutter

Anticoagulation for Paroxysmal, Persistent, and Permanent Atrial Fibrillation or Atrial Flutter

Management of Re-entrant Tachycardias and Focal Atrial Tachycardia

Table - Drug Therapy for Control of Heart Rhythm in Patients with SVT

Table - Drug Therapy for Control of Heart Rate in Patients with SVT

Table - Drug Therapy - Prevention of Systemic Embolism in Patients with SVT

Algorithm - Rate versus Rhythm Control for Patients with Symptomatic Atrial Fibrillation

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Arrhythmias

Exercise

DVT, PE, Anticoagulation

Introduction

Investigations

General Measures / Nonpharmacologic Choices

Pharmacologic Choices

Table - Direct Factor Xa Inhibitors

Table - Direct Thrombin Inhibitors

Table - Indirect Factor Xa Inhibitors

Table - Low Molecular Weight Heparins

Table - Unfractionated Heparin

Table - Vitamin K Antagonists

Prophylaxis of Venous Thromboembolism

Table - Antiplatelet Agents - Prophylaxis of VTED

Table - Direct Factor Xa Inhibitors - Prophylaxis of VTED

Table - Direct Thrombin Inhibitors - Prophylaxis of VTED

Table - Indirect Factor Xa Inhibitors - Prophylaxis of VTED

Table - Low Molecular Weight Heparins - Prophylaxis of VTED

Table - Unfractionated Heparin - Prophylaxis of VTED

Choices during Pregnancy and Breastfeeding

Algorithm - Long-Term Treatment of Venous Thromboembolism

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Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT), Pulmonary Embolism (PE), and Anticoagulation

Exercise

Intermittent Claudication

Introduction

Investigations

Nonpharmacologic Choices

Pharmacologic Choices

Specific Therapy for Intermittent Claudication

Table - Drug Therapy for Intermittent Claudication

Intermittent Claudication

Exercise

Raynaud's Phenomenon

Introduction

Investigations

Nonpharmacologic Choices

Pharmacologic Choices

Drugs Implicated in Secondary Raynaud Phenomenon

Table - Drugs Used for the Treatment of Raynaud Phenomenon

Choices during Pregnancy and Breastfeeding

Raynaud's Phenomenon

Exercise

Syncope

Introduction

Investigations

Vasovagal Syncope

Orthostatic Hypotension

Table - Drugs for Treatment of Syndromes of Orthostatic Intolerance

Syncope

Exercise

Respiratory

5 Exercises • 91 Learning Materials

Asthma

Introduction

Investigations

Nonpharmacologic Choices

Pharmacologic Choices

Inhaled Corticosteroids

Table - Comparative Dosage for Inhaled Corticosteroids in Adults

Inhaled Beta2-agonists

Combination - Inhaled Corticosteroids and Long-Acting Bronchodilators

Muscarinic Antagonists (Anticholinergics)

Triple-Therapy Combination Products (ICS/LABA/LAMA)

Mast Cell Stabilizers

Leukotriene Receptor Antagonists

Methylxanthines

Systemic Corticosteroids

Biologic Therapy

Immunotherapy

Antibiotics

Prevention of Exacerbations / Vaccination

Inhaler Technique / Adherence

Step-Up and Step-Down Therapy

Asthma Action Plans

Emergency Treatment of Asthma

Special Populations

Choices during Pregnancy and Breastfeeding

Algorithm - Management of Asthma for Adults and Adolescents (≥12 years)

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Algorithm - Management of Asthma Exacerbations in ED

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GINA Assessment of Asthma Control

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Asthma

Exercise

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)

Introduction

Investigations

Nonpharmacologic Choices

Pharmacologic Choices

Inhaled COPD Therapies

Delivery Systems

Drug Table - Inhaled Agents Used to Treat COPD

Oral COPD Therapies

Biologics

Oxygen Therapy

Vaccines

Treatment of Acute Exacerbations of COPD

Table - Empiric Antibiotic Therapy for Outpatient Acute Exacerbation of COPD

Algorithm - Pharmacologic Management of COPD

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Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)

Exercise

Pulmonary Hypertension

Introduction

Functional classification of pulmonary hypertension - WHO

Therapeutic Choices

Primary Therapy

Specific Therapy

Pharmacological characteristics of the drugs used in the specific therapy

Combination therapy

Non-pharmacologic Treatment

Treatment Algorithms

Pulmonary Hypertension

Exercise

Allergic & Viral Rhinitis

Introduction - Allergic Rhinitis

Patient Assessment

Drugs Associated with Rhinitis

Possible Nonallergic Causes of Acute and Chronic Rhinitis

Prevention

Nonpharmacologic Therapy

Pharmacologic Therapy

First-Line Therapies - Allergic Rhinitis

Second- and Third-Line Therapies - Allergic Rhinitis

Combination Therapies - Allergic Rhinitis

Comparative Symptom Relief of Allergic Rhinitis Therapies

Special Populations

Monitoring of Therapy

Drug Table - Antihistamines

Drug Table – Intranasal Corticosteroids

Drug Table – Intranasal Decongestants

Drug Table – Oral Decongestants

Drug Table – Leukotriene Receptor Antagonists

Introduction – Viral Rhinitis

Investigations

Nonpharmacologic Choices - Viral Rhinitis

Pharmacologic Choices - Viral Rhinitis

Therapeutic Alternatives - Viral Rhinitis

Choices during Pregnancy and Breastfeeding

Algorithm - Management of Viral Rhinitis

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Drug Table – Viral Rhinitis

Allergic & Viral Rhinitis

Exercise

Smoking Cessation

Introduction

Health Risks

Patient Assessment

Nonpharmacologic Therapy

Pharmacologic Therapy

Nicotine Replacement Therapy

Drug Table - Nicotine Replacement Therapy

Non-nicotine Pharmacotherapy

Drug Table - Non-nicotine Pharmacotherapy

Combination Therapy

Special Considerations

Smokeless Tobacco

Drug Interactions

Monitoring of Therapy

Algorithm – Smoking Cessation

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Smoking Cessation

Exercise

Endocrine & Metabolic

3 Exercises • 70 Learning Materials

Diabetes

Introduction

Classification

Investigations

Screening

Nonpharmacologic Choices

Pharmacologic Choices - Type 1 Diabetes

Pharmacokinetic Profiles of Insulin Products

Insulin Regimens

Insulin Regimens in Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Adverse Effects of Insulin Therapy

Pharmacologic Choices - Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Biguanides

Alpha-glucosidase Inhibitors

Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibitors

Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists

Glucose-Dependent Insulinotropic Polypeptide and Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists

Insulin Secretagogues: Sulfonylureas

Insulin Secretagogues: Meglitinides

Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors

Thiazolidinediones (TZDs)

Insulin Regimens for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Targets for Control

Choices during Pregnancy and Breastfeeding

Preventing Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Diabetic Ketoacidosis

Examples of Drugs That Can Cause Dysglycemia

Algorithm - Screening and Diagnosis of Diabetes Mellitus

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Algorithm - Stepwise Approach to Type 2 Diabetes

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Algorithm - Preferred Strategy for Diagnosis of Gestational Diabetes

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Drug Tables: Rapid-Acting Insulin Analogues

Drug Tables: Short-Acting Insulin

Drug Tables: Intermediate-Acting Insulin

Drug Tables: Long-Acting Insulin Analogues

Drug Tables: Mixed Insulin Analogues

Drug Tables: DPP4Is /Biguanide Combinations

Drug Tables: SGLT2Is /Biguanide Combinations

Drug Tables: LAIA/GLP-1 Receptor Agonist Combinations

Diabetes

Exercise

Thyroid Disorders

Hypothyroidism - Introduction

Investigations

Causes of Hypothyroidism

Pharmacologic Choices

Choices during Pregnancy and Breastfeeding

Table - Drugs Used in the Management of Hypothyroidism

Hyperthyroidism - Introduction

Causes of Hyperthyroidism

Investigations

Nonpharmacologic Choices

Pharmacologic Choices

Choices during Pregnancy and Breastfeeding

Table - Drugs Used in the Management of Hyperthyroidism

Table - Beta1-adrenergic Antagonists

Table - Corticosteroids, systemic

Table - Iodine systemic

Thyroid Nodules and Goitre

Risk Factors for Thyroid Cancer

Algorithm - Management of Thyroid Nodules

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Thyroid Disorders

Exercise

Obesity

Introduction

WHO Classification of Overweight and Obesity in Adults According to BMI

Edmonton Obesity Staging System

Strategies for Treatment of Obesity

Obesity Network - 5As of Obesity Management

Setting Treatment Goals

Investigations

Medications Associated with Weight Gain

Nonpharmacologic Choices

Pharmacologic Choices

Choices during Pregnancy and Breastfeeding

Table - Drugs Used for the Management of Obesity

Algorithm - Management of Obesity

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New Drug Approvals

Obesity

Exercise

Gastrointestinal

7 Exercises • 132 Learning Materials

Gastro-esophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)

Introduction

Investigations

GERD: Triggers or Exacerbating Factors

Nonpharmacologic Choices

Pharmacologic Choices

Efficacy of Drugs Used to Treat Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease

Management of GERD

Management of the Refractory Patient

Choices during Pregnancy and Breastfeeding

Algorithms - Management of Patients with Dyspepsia and GERD

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Drug Table - Antacids

Drug Table - H2-receptor Antagonists

Drug Table - Proton Pump Inhibitors

Gastro-esophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)

Exercise

Dyspepsia & Peptic Ulcer Disease (PUD)

Introduction

Investigations

Initial Non-Endoscopic Management of Dyspepsia

Dyspepsia with Normal Endoscopy

Treatment of PUD due to ‘Helicobacter pylori’ Infection

Helicobacter pylori Eradication Regimens

Prevention of PUD during ASA or NSAID Therapy

Treatment of PUD during ASA or NSAID Therapy

Choices during Pregnancy and Breastfeeding

Algorithm - Management of Dyspepsia

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Drug Table - Histamine H2-Receptor Antagonists

Drug Table - Mucosal Protective Agents

Drug Table - Neuromodulators

Drug Table - Promotility Agents

Drug Table - Proton Pump Inhibitors

Dyspepsia & Peptic Ulcer Disease (PUD)

Exercise

Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD)

Introduction

Investigations

Pharmacologic Choices

Aminosalicylates

Corticosteroids

Biologic Response Modifiers

Immunomodulators

Antibiotics / Antidiarrheals / Opiate Analgesics

Immunization

Choices during Pregnancy and Breastfeeding

Crohn Disease

Ulcerative Colitis

Ulcerative Proctosigmoiditis

Algorithm - Management of Crohn Disease

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Algorithm - Management of Ulcerative Colitis

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Algorithm - Management of Ulcerative Proctosigmoiditis

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Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD)

Exercise

Irritable Bowel Syndrome

Introduction

Investigations

Bristol stool form scale

Image

Nonpharmacologic Choices

IBS-Constipation Predominant

IBS-Diarrhea Predominant

IBS-Mixed Pattern

Choices during Pregnancy and Breastfeeding

Algorithm - Irritable Bowel Syndrome

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Drug Table - Antibacterials

Drug Table - Antidiarrheals

Drug Table - Antispasmodics

Drug Table - Bulk-Forming Agents

Drug Table - Guanylate Cyclase-C Agonists

Drug Table - Mixed Mu-Opioid Agonists and Delta Opioid Receptor Antagonists

Drug Table - Serotonin 5-HT4 Receptor Agonists

Drug Table - Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors

Drug Table - Tricyclic Antidepressants

Irritable Bowel Syndrome

Exercise

Liver Disorders

Introduction

Ascites (Portal Hypertension)

Therapeutic Choices - Ascites

Table - Drugs Used to Treat Ascites

Algorithm - Management of Ascites Secondary to Portal Hypertension

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Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis (SBP)

Therapeutic Choices - SBP

Table - Drugs Used to Treat Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis (SBP)

Hepatic Encephalopathy

Table - Drugs Used to Treat Hepatic Encephalopathy

Algorithm - Management of Hepatic Encephalopathy

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Cholestatic Liver Disease

Therapeutic Choices - Cholestatic Liver Disease

Table - Drugs Used to Treat Cholestatic Liver Disease

Algorithm - Management of Cholestatic Symptoms

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Autoimmune Hepatitis

Therapeutic Choices - Autoimmune Hepatitis

Table - Drugs: Autoimmune Chronic Active Hepatitis / Alcohol-Related Hepatitis

Alcohol-Related Liver Disease

Therapeutic Choices - Alcohol-Related Liver Disease

Hereditary Hemochromatosis

Therapeutic Choices - Hereditary Hemochromatosis

Table - Drugs Used to Treat Iron Overload in Hemochromatosis

Wilson Disease

Therapeutic Choices - Wilson Disease

Table - Drugs Used to Treat Wilson Disease

Choices during Pregnancy and Breastfeeding

Liver Disorders

Exercise

Diarrhea

Introduction

Causes of diarrhea

Drugs Associated with Diarrhea

Patient Assessment

Red Flag - Signs and Symptoms in Persons with Diarrhea

Signs and Symptoms of Dehydration in Children and Adults

Prevention

Nonpharmacologic Therapy

Composition of Oral Rehydration Solution Preparations

Recipes for Homemade Oral Rehydration Solution

Diarrhea in Children

Administration of Oral Rehydration Solution to Non-breastfed Infants

Pharmacologic Therapy

Diarrhea in Pregnancy / Elderly

Monitoring of Therapy

Vaccines for Rotavirus Prevention

Table - Nonprescription Drug Therapy for Diarrhea

Algorithm - Management of Patients with Diarrhea

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Diarrhea

Exercise

Constipation

Introduction

ROME IV Diagnostic Criteria for Chronic Functional Constipation

Medications and Conditions Associated with Chronic Constipation

Risk factors for chronic or acute constipation

Patient Assessment

Bristol Stool Form Scale

Image

Red Flag Symptoms Requiring Further Assessment

Prevention

Dietary Fibre in Selected Raw Foods

Nonpharmacologic Therapy

Pharmacologic Therapy

Treatment Considerations

Management of Chronic Constipation

Opioid-Induced Constipation

Constipation in Special Populations

Monitoring of Therapy for Constipation

Algorithm - Assessment and Treatment of Patients with Constipation

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Drug Table - Bulk-Forming Agents

Drug Table - Osmotic Agents

Drug Table - Lubricants

Drug Table - Stimulants

Drug Table - Stool Softeners

Drug Table - Guanylate Cyclase-C Agonists

Drug Table - Serotonin 5-HT4 Receptor Agonists

Drug Table - Enemas

Constipation

Exercise

Genitourinary

2 Exercises • 21 Learning Materials

Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH)

Introduction

Investigations

International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS)

Therapeutic choices

Alpha1-adrenergic Receptor Antagonists

5-Alpha-reductase Inhibitors

Phosphodiesterase Type 5 Inhibitors

Combination Therapy

Antidiuretic Hormone Analogues / Phytotherapeutic Agents

Surgical intervention

Algorithm - Management of LUTS and BPH

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Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH)

Exercise

Urinary Incontinence

Introduction

Investigations

Modifiable Risk Factors for Urinary Incontinence in Adults

Stress Incontinence

Table - Drug Therapy for Stress Incontinence in Women

Urge Incontinence

Table - Drug Therapy for Urge Incontinence

Mixed Incontinence

Choices during Pregnancy and Breastfeeding

Algorithm - Management of Urinary Incontinence in Adults

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Urinary Incontinence

Exercise

Renal

1 Exercises • 19 Learning Materials

Renal Disorders

Introduction

KDIGO Stages of Chronic Kidney Disease

Investigations

Risk Factors for Chronic Kidney Disease

Categories of Albuminuria and Tests Used to Quantify Them

Blood and Urine Screening Tests in Chronic Kidney Disease

Nonpharmacologic Choices

Pharmacologic Choices - Antihypertensives

Individualized Blood Pressure Targets for Nondiabetic - CKD

Guidelines on the choice of antihypertensive agent in CKD.

Monitoring ACEI and ARB Therapy in Chronic Kidney Disease

Diabetic Chronic Kidney Disease

Cardiovascular Risk Reduction for Patients with CKD

Drug Therapy Adjustment in Patients with CKD

Complications of Chronic Kidney Disease

Table - Drugs Used to Treat Chronic Kidney Disease

Algorithm - Investigation of Hematuria

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Algorithm - Antihyperglycemic Drugs for Patients with T2DM and CKD

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Algorithm - Initiating SGLT2 Inhibitor in T2DM

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Renal Disorders

Exercise

Blood Disorders

2 Exercises • 25 Learning Materials

Anemias

Introduction

Investigations

Iron Deficiency Anemia

Laboratory Measurements in the Evaluation of Iron Status

Nonpharmacologic Choices

Pharmacologic Choices

Choices during Pregnancy and Breastfeeding

Megaloblastic Anemias

Nonpharmacologic Choices

Pharmacologic Choices

Choices during Pregnancy and Breastfeeding

Anemias Responsive to Pharmacologic Stimulation of Erythropoiesis

Investigations

Pharmacologic Choices

Choices during Pregnancy and Breastfeeding

Algorithm - Assessment of Anemia

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Drug Table - Iron Supplements, oral

Drug Table - Iron Supplements, parenteral

Drug Table - Erythropoiesis-Stimulating Agents

Drug Table - Vitamins

Anemias

Exercise

Sickle Cell Disease

Introduction

Drug therapies for sickle cell disease

Gene therapy for sickle cell disease

Table - Maximum Daily Adult Dosages for Sickle Cell Disease

Table - Maximum Daily Pediatric Dosages for Sickle Cell Disease

Sickle Cell Disease

Exercise

Psychiatry

6 Exercises • 110 Learning Materials

Depression

Introduction

Investigations

Diagnostic Criteria of Major Depressive Disorder

Monitoring Parameters for Depression

Nonpharmacologic Choices

Pharmacologic Choices

Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs)

Serotonin-Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors (SNRIs)

Dual Action Antidepressants

Other Serotonin Modulators

Tricyclic Antidepressants

Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors

Classification of Antidepressants

Antidepressant - Adverse Effects

Antidepressant Discontinuation Syndrome

Atypical Antipsychotics

Natural Health Products

Rapid-Acting Therapy

Duration of Treatment / Relapse Prevention

Treatment-Resistant Depression

Switching Antidepressants

Choices during Pregnancy and Breastfeeding

Algorithm - Pharmacologic Treatment of Depression

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Depression

Exercise

Psychoses

Introduction

Differential Diagnosis of Psychotic Episodes

Prevention

Investigations

Investigations and Monitoring of Psychoses

Nonpharmacologic Choices

Pharmacologic Choices

Basic Pharmacology of Antipsychotics

Treatment Considerations

Treatment of Comorbid Conditions

Side Effects of Antipsychotics

Antipsychotic-Induced Side Effects: Assessment, Monitoring and Management

Choices during Pregnancy and Breastfeeding

Algorithm - Management of Acute Psychotic Episodes

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Table - Antipsychotics, first-generation, low potency

Table - Antipsychotics, first-generation, intermediate potency

Table - Antipsychotics, first-generation, high potency

Table 1- Antipsychotics, second-generation

Table 2 - Antipsychotics, second-generation

Psychoses

Exercise

Bipolar Disorder

Introduction

Description of Bipolar Disorder Episodes

Classification of Bipolar Disorder

Investigations

Nonpharmacologic Choices

Pharmacologic Choices - Manic Episodes

Pharmacologic Management of Acute Mania in Bipolar Disorder

Table - First-line Drug Therapy for Mania in Bipolar Disorder

Algorithm - Management of Acute Mania in Bipolar Disorder

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Pharmacologic Choices - Depressive Episodes

Pharmacologic Management of Acute Depression in Bipolar Disorder

Table - First-line Drug Therapy for Depression in Bipolar Disorder

Algorithm - Management of Depressive Episodes in Bipolar Disorder

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Maintenance Therapy for Bipolar Disorder

Maintenance Treatment Regimens for Bipolar Disorder

Table - First-line Maintenance Therapy for Bipolar Disorder

Algorithm - Management of Maintenance Therapy for Bipolar Disorder

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Bipolar Disorder in Children and Adolescents

Bipolar Disorder in the Elderly

Choices during Pregnancy and Breastfeeding

Bipolar Disorder

Exercise

Anxiety

Introduction

DSM-5 Classification of Anxiety Disorders

Investigations

Interview Questions for the Screening of Anxiety Symptoms

Nonpharmacologic Choices

Pharmacologic Choices

Panic Disorder

Agoraphobia and Panic Disorder with Agoraphobia

Social Anxiety Disorder (Social Phobia)

Specific Phobia

Generalized Anxiety Disorder

Choices during Pregnancy and Breastfeeding

Algorithm - Management of Anxiety Disorders

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Drug Table - Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors

Drug Table - Serotonin-Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors

Drug Table - Tricyclic Antidepressants

Drug Table - Irreversible Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors

Drug Table - GABA Derivatives

Drug Table - Beta1-adrenergic Antagonists

Drug Table – Benzodiazepines

Drug Table – Antipsychotics, second-generation

Drug Table – Azapirones

Anxiety

Exercise

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)

Introduction

DSM-5 Criteria for Diagnosing ADHD

Investigations

Nonpharmacologic Choices

Stimulants

Drug Table: Stimulants - Amphetamine-based Agents

Drug Table: Stimulants - Methylphenidate-based Agents

Atomoxetine

Alpha2-adrenergic Agonists

Antidepressants

Antipsychotics

Natural Health Products

Management of Common Adverse Effects of ADHD Treatment

Drug Holidays

Choices during Pregnancy and Breastfeeding

Algorithm - Management of ADHD in Children

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Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)

Exercise

Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD)

Introduction

Investigations

Diagnostic Criteria

Interview Questions to Identify Presence of Obsessions or Compulsions

Nonpharmacologic Choices

Pharmacologic Choices

Drug Table - Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors

Drug Table - Second- and Third-Line Management of OCD

Choices during Pregnancy and Breastfeeding

Algorithm - Drug Therapy for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

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Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD)

Exercise

Neurologic Disorders

7 Exercises • 148 Learning Materials

Parkinson's Disease

Introduction

Investigations

Nonpharmacologic Choices

Pharmacologic Choices

Drug Therapy Based on Parkinson Disease Progression

Treatment of Nonmotor Issues

Algorithm - Pharmacologic Management of Parkinson Disease

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Algorithm - Management of Levodopa-Associated Motor Complications

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Drug Table - Levodopa Preparations

Drug Table - Dopamine Agonists

Drug Table - Monoamine Oxidase B Inhibitors

Drug Table - N-Methyl-D-Aspartate (NMDA) Receptor Antagonists

Drug Table - Catechol-O-Methyl Transferase (COMT) Inhibitors

Drug Table - Anticholinergic Agents

Parkinson's Disease

Exercise

Alzheimer's Disease

Introduction

Common Dementia Types and Their Presentation

Stages of Dementia

Investigations

Medications That May Contribute to Dementia or Cognitive Impairment

Nonpharmacologic Choices

Pharmacologic Choices

Cholinesterase Inhibitors

N-methyl-D-aspartate Receptor Antagonists

Other Therapies

Responsive Behaviors in Dementia

Pharmacologic Choices

Prevention of Dementia

Algorithm - Management of Newly Diagnosed Dementia

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Drug Table - Cholinesterase Inhibitors

Drug Table - N-methyl-D-aspartate Receptor Antagonists

Drug Table - Antipsychotics

Drug Table - Serotonergic Antidepressants

Alzheimer's Disease

Exercise

Seizures & Epilepsy

Introduction

Investigations

Clinical Features of Common Epileptic Seizure Types

Nonpharmacologic Choices

Pharmacologic Choices - Suggested Therapeutic Options

Basic principles for initiating ASM therapy

Management of Convulsive Status Epilepticus in Adults

Managing - Adverse Effects of Antiseizure Medications

Discontinuing Antiseizure Medications

Contraception and Antiseizure Medications

Effect of Antiseizure Medications (ASMs) on Hormonal Contraceptive Methods

Impact of Antiseizure Medications (ASMs) on Hepatic Enzymes

Choices during Pregnancy and Breastfeeding

Algorithm - Management of Seizures and Epilepsy

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Algorithm - First-Line Pharmacological Treatment of Epileptic Seizures

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Drug Table - Barbiturates

Drug Table - Benzodiazepines

Drug Table - Carboxylic Acid Derivatives

Drug Table - Gamma Aminobutyric Acid (GABA) Derivatives

Drug Table - Hydantoin Derivatives

Drug Table - Iminostilbene Derivatives

Drug Table - Succinimide Derivatives

Drug Table - Other Antiseizure Medications

Seizures & Epilepsy

Exercise

Migraine

Introduction / Diagnostic Criteria for Common Headache Disorders

Investigations

Headache Red Flags (SNNOOP10)

ID Migraine Screening Tool

Nonpharmacologic Choices

Tension-Type Headache

Migraine - Acute Treatment

Migraine - Preventive Therapy

Indications for Preventive Treatment of Migraine

Selection of Migraine Prophylactic Therapy

Medication-Overuse Headache

Choices during Pregnancy and Breastfeeding

Pharmacological Management of Headache During Pregnancy

Algorithm - Management of Patients with Headache

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Algorithm - Migraine Preventive Therapy

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Drug Table - Analgesics

Drug Table - Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide (CGRP) Receptor Antagonist

Drug Table - Ergot Derivatives

Drug Table - Triptans

Drug Table – Triptan / NSAID Combination

Drug Table – Angiotensin II Receptor Antagonists (ARBs)

Drug Table – Antiepileptics

Drug Table – Antihistamines

Drug Table – Beta1-adrenergic Antagonists

Drug Table – Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide Monoclonal Antibodies (CGRP)

Drug Table – Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide (CGRP) Receptor Antagonist

Drug Table – Calcium Channel Inhibitors / Blockers

Drug Table – N-methyl-D-aspartate Receptor Antagonists

Drug Table – Serotonin Antagonists

Drug Table – Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCAs)

Drug Table – Natural Health Products

Migraine

Exercise

Pain

Introduction - Acute Pain

Investigations

Nonpharmacologic Choices

Oral Analgesics

Parenteral Analgesics

Topical and Local Anesthesia

Inhalation Pain Management

Choices during Pregnancy and Breastfeeding

Algorithm - Management of Acute Pain

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Drug Table - Analgesics for the Treatment of Acute Pain

Introduction - Neuropathic Pain

Types of Neuropathic Pain

Definitions Related to Neuropathic Pain

Investigations

Nonpharmacologic Choices

Pharmacologic Choices

Chronic Neuropathic Pain

Chronic Peripheral Neuropathic Pain

Nerve Root Compression: Cervical and Lumbar Radiculopathy

Complex Regional Pain Syndrome Type Ι

Acute Neuropathic Pain - Herpes Zoster

Trigeminal Neuralgia

Types of Neuropathic Pain and First-Line Treatment Options

Algorithm - Management of Chronic Peripheral Neuropathic Pain

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Guidelines for Use of Opioids in Chronic Noncancer Pain

Choices during Pregnancy and Breastfeeding

Management of the Frail Elderly

Precautions with Drugs Used to Treat Neuropathic Pain in the Elderly

Table 1 - Drug Therapy for Chronic Peripheral Neuropathic Pain

Table 2 - Drug Therapy for Chronic Peripheral Neuropathic Pain

Table - Drug Therapy for Trigeminal Neuralgia

Pain

Exercise

Sleep disorders

Introduction – Insomnia

Investigations

Sleep History

Sleep Diary

Common Comorbidities and Medications Contributing to Insomnia

Screening Tools for Key Comorbidities in Insomnia

Nonpharmacologic Choices

Sleep Hygiene Guidelines

Components of CBT-I

Targeted Cognitive Barriers to Sleep

Pharmacologic Choices

Binding Affinity of Z-drugs and Benzodiazepines

Off-Label Agents Commonly Used for Comorbid Insomnia

Natural Supplements and Over-the-Counter Agents Used for Insomnia

Special Populations

Table - Approved Medications Used to Manage Insomnia

Algorithm - Assessment and Management of Insomnia

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Sleep disorders

Exercise

Multiple Sclerosis

Introduction

Types of Multiple Sclerosis

Investigations

Nonpharmacologic Choices

Pharmacologic Choices

Risk of Infection

Disease-Modifying Therapy and Risk of Immunosuppression

Risk of Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy with MS - Therapy

Immunization

Choices during Pregnancy and Breastfeeding

Algorithm - Management of Multiple Sclerosis

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Table - First-Line Disease-Modifying Therapies for Multiple Sclerosis

Table - Second-Line Disease-Modifying Therapies for Multiple Sclerosis

Table - Adjunctive Therapy for Multiple Sclerosis

Multiple Sclerosis

Exercise

Musculoskeletal

4 Exercises • 61 Learning Materials

Osteoporosis

Introduction

Investigations

Risk Factors Prompting Assessment for Osteoporosis (Measurement of BMD)

Fracture Risk Assessment Tool (FRAX)

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CAROC System: - Predict 10-Year Fragility Fracture Risk

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Nonpharmacologic Choices

Pharmacologic Choices

Bisphosphonates

Drug Table - Bisphosphonates

Bisphosphonates Drug Holiday Recommendations

RANK Ligand Inhibitors

Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators

Estrogen and Progesterone

Calcitonin

Parathyroid Hormone, Parathyroid Hormone-Related Peptide and Analogues

Romosozumab

Strontium Ranelate

Combination Therapies

Corticosteroid-Induced Osteoporosis

Treatment of Osteoporosis in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease

Algorithm - Bone Density, FRAX- or CAROC-Calculated 10-Year Fracture Risk in Osteoporosis Management

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Osteoporosis

Exercise

Rheumatoid Arthritis

Introduction

Investigations

Classification Criteria for Rheumatoid Arthritis

Baseline Evaluation of Disease Activity and Damage

Nonpharmacologic Choices

Pharmacologic Choices

Poor Prognostic Factors for Rheumatoid Arthritis

Conventional Synthetic Disease-Modifying Antirheumatic Drugs

Table - Conventional Synthetic Disease-Modifying Antirheumatic Drugs for RA

Table - Targeted Synthetic DMARDs

Biologic Disease-Modifying Antirheumatic Drugs

Table - Biologic DMARDs for RA

Discontinuation or Dosage Reduction of Biologic DMARDs

Safety of Biologic and Targeted Synthetic DMARDs

Recommendations for Vaccination in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis

Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs

Corticosteroids

Analgesia

Choices during Pregnancy and Breastfeeding

Algorithm - Management of Rheumatoid Arthritis

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Rheumatoid Arthritis

Exercise

Gout & Hyperuricemia

Introduction

Asymptomatic Hyperuricemia

Drugs and Conditions Associated with Hyperuricemia and Gout

Gouty Flare

The ACR-EULAR Gout Classification Criteria

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Algorithm - Treatment of Acute Gout

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Intercritical Gout and Prophylaxis

Algorithm - Treatment of Hyperuricemia

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Chronic Tophaceous Gout

Table - Drugs Used in the Management of Gout

Gout & Hyperuricemia

Exercise

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)

Introduction

Autoantibodies in SLE

Investigations

EULAR / ACR - SLE classification criteria

Image

Nonpharmacologic Choices

Pharmacologic Choices

Drug-Induced Lupus Erythematosus

Choices during Pregnancy and Breastfeeding

Table - Drugs Used in SLE

Algorithm - Treatment of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

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Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)

Exercise

Eye

1 Exercises • 26 Learning Materials

Red Eye

Introduction

Etiology of Red Eye

Investigations

Warning Signs for Ophthalmologist Referral

Nonpharmacologic Choices

Pharmacologic Choices

Drug Table - Anti-infectives for Red Eye

Drug Table - Ocular Lubricants for Red Eye

Drug Table - Ophthalmic Anti-allergy Agents for Red Eye

Drug Table - Ophthalmic Anti-inflammatories for Red Eye

Drug Table - Ophthalmic Vasoconstrictors / Decongestants for Red Eye

Glaucoma

Introduction

Investigations

Risk Factors for the Development of Glaucoma

Nonpharmacologic Choices

Pharmacologic Choices

Topical Agents to Treat Open-Angle Glaucoma

Oral Agents to Treat Open-Angle Glaucoma

Algorithm - Management of Open-Angle Glaucoma

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Drug Table - Alpha2-Adrenergic Agonists, ophthalmic

Drug Table - Beta-Blockers, ophthalmic

Drug Table - Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors, ophthalmic

Drug Table - Cholinergic Agonists, ophthalmic

Drug Table - Prostaglandin Analogues, ophthalmic

Drug Table - Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors, oral

Drug Table - Combinations, ophthalmic

Eye Disorders

Exercise

Cancer Chemotherapy

2 Exercises • 43 Learning Materials

Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting

Introduction

Investigations

Emetogenic Potential of Intravenous Cancer Treatment Agents

Emetogenic Potential of Oral Cancer Treatment Agents

Nonpharmacologic Choices

Pharmacologic Choices

Serotonin Antagonists

Neurokinin-1 Receptor Antagonists

Corticosteroids

Dopamine Antagonists

Benzodiazepines

Cannabinoids

Antihistamines and Anticholinergics

Algorithm - Prevention and Management of CINV

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Managing Side Effects - Chemotherapy & Radiation Therapy

Introduction

Common Classes of Cancer Therapies

Prevention and Management of Select Toxicities of Pharmacologic Cancer Therapy – Table 1

Prevention and Management of Select Toxicities of Pharmacologic Cancer Therapy – Table 2

Prevention and Management of Select Toxicities of Pharmacologic Cancer Therapy – Table 3

Prevention and Management of Select Toxicities of Pharmacologic Cancer Therapy – Table 4

Prevention and Management of Side Effects of Radiation Therapy – Table 1

Prevention and Management of Side Effects of Radiation Therapy – Table 2

Pharmacologic Therapy - Side Effects of Cancer Therapies and Radiation Therapy – Table 1

Pharmacologic Therapy - Side Effects of Cancer Therapies and Radiation Therapy – Table 2

Pharmacologic Therapy - Side Effects of Cancer Therapies and Radiation Therapy – Table 3

Managing Side Effects - Chemotherapy & Radiation Therapy

Exercise

Breast cancer

Introduction

Types of Breast Cancer

Breast Cancer: Risk Factors and Prevention

Breast Cancer: Screening

Breast Cancer: Symptoms and Signs

Breast Cancer: Diagnosis

Breast Cancer: Stages

Breast Cancer: Types of Treatment

Surgery for Breast Cancer

Radiation for Breast Cancer

Chemotherapy for Breast Cancer

Hormone Therapy for Breast Cancer

Targeted Drug Therapy for Breast Cancer

Immunotherapy for Breast Cancer

Treatment of Ductal Carcinoma in Situ (DCIS)

Treatment of Breast Cancer Stages I-III

Treatment of Stage IV (Metastatic) Breast Cancer

Treating Breast Cancer During Pregnancy

Cancer Chemotherapy

Exercise

Infectious Diseases

6 Exercises • 306 Learning Materials

Acute Bronchitis

Introduction

Etiologic Agents in Acute Bronchitis

Investigations

Nonpharmacologic Choices

Pharmacologic Choices

Table - Drugs for the Symptomatic Management of Acute Bronchitis

Talking Points When Patients Request Antibiotics for Acute Bronchitis

Natural Health Products

Choices during Pregnancy and Breastfeeding

Algorithm - Management of Suspected Acute Bronchitis

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Pharyngitis

Introduction

Investigations

Modified Centor Score

Comparison of Common Laboratory Tests Used in Acute Pharyngitis

Prevention / Nonpharmacologic Choices

Pharmacologic Choices

Table - Antibacterials Used for the Treatment of Pharyngitis

Choices during Pregnancy and Breastfeeding

Algorithm - Management of Acute Sore Throat

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Community-Acquired Pneumonia

Introduction

Pathogens in Community-Acquired Pneumonia

Investigations

Assessment of Illness Severity

Pneumonia Severity of Illness (PSI) Score

Empiric Therapy

Table 1 - Anti-infectives for the Treatment of Pneumonia

Table 2 - Anti-infectives for the Treatment of Pneumonia

Antibiotic Therapy for 'CAP' caused by Specific Pathogens

Duration of Antibiotic Therapy

Aspiration Pneumonia

Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Pneumonia

Corticosteroids

COVID-19 Pneumonia

Influenza Pneumonia

Prevention of Community-Acquired Pneumonia

Choices during Pregnancy and Breastfeeding

Acute Otitis Media

Introduction

Investigations

Prevention

Nonpharmacologic Choices

Analgesics

Antibiotics

Antibiotic Treatment Recommendations for Acute Otitis Media

Table - Antibiotics for Acute Otitis Media

Algorithm - Management of AOM Using a Risk Factor - Based Approach

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Infective Endocarditis

Introduction

Investigations

Definition of Infective Endocarditis According to the Modified Duke Criteria

Definition of Terms - Modified Duke Criteria for Diagnosis of Infective Endocarditis

Nonpharmacologic Choices

Pharmacologic Choices

Treatment of Staphylococcal Native or Prosthetic Valve Endocarditis

Treatment of Viridans Group Streptococci and Streptococcus bovis Endocarditis

Treatment of Enterococci in Native or Prosthetic Valve Endocarditis

Table 1 - Intravenous Therapy for Infective Endocarditis

Table 2 - Intravenous Therapy for Infective Endocarditis

Underlying Conditions for Which Antibiotic Prophylaxis Is Suggested

Dental / Surgical Procedures - Endocarditis Prophylaxis for Patients with Cardiac Conditions

Antibiotic Regimens for Endocarditis Prophylaxis in Dental Procedures

Prevention of Infective Endocarditis

Bacterial Meningitis

Introduction

Epidemiology

Investigations - History and Clinical Presentation

Investigations - Laboratory

Investigations - Imaging

Principles of Antibacterial Therapy

Bacterial Meningitis: Probable Pathogens and Empiric Therapy

Antibacterial Regimens for Specific Pathogens in Uncomplicated Bacterial Meningitis

Table 1 - Intravenous Antibacterial Therapy for Bacterial Meningitis

Table 2 - Intravenous Antibacterial Therapy for Bacterial Meningitis

Adjunctive Corticosteroids

Antibacterial Selection for Meningitis Postexposure Prophylaxis

Table - Drug Therapy for Postexposure Prophylaxis for Bacterial Meningitis

Prevention

Table - Vaccines for Prevention of Bacterial Meningitis

Acute Osteomyelitis

Introduction

Investigations

Nonpharmacologic Choices

Initial Empiric Antibacterial Therapy for Acute Osteomyelitis

Definitive Antibacterial Therapy for Acute Osteomyelitis

Pharmacologic Choices

Table 1 - Antibiotics for the Treatment of Acute Osteomyelitis

Table 2 - Antibiotics for the Treatment of Acute Osteomyelitis

Algorithm - Management of Acute Osteomyelitis

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Acute Sinusitis

Introduction

Investigations

Red Flags - Symptoms Associated with Complicated Disease

Nonpharmacologic Choices

Principles of Therapy in Acute Rhinosinusitis

Symptom Management

Antibiotic Therapy

Failure of First-Line Therapy

Recommended Empiric Therapy for Bacterial Rhinosinusitis in Children and Adults

Duration of Therapy

Table 1 - Antibiotics for Bacterial Rhinosinusitis

Table 2 - Antibiotics for Bacterial Rhinosinusitis

Choices during Pregnancy and Breastfeeding

Algorithm - Assessment and Management of Acute Rhinosinusitis

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Urinary Tract Infection

Introduction

Clinical Features and Diagnosis of UTI

Recommended Empiric Treatment of UTI

Sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim and Trimethoprim

Nitrofurantoin

Fosfomycin Tromethamine

Fluoroquinolones

Cephalosporins

Penicillins - Amoxicillin and Amoxicillin/clavulanate / Related

Aminoglycosides

Carbapenems

Natural Health Products

Management of Asymptomatic Bacteriuria

Management of Recurrent Urinary Tract Infection

Choices during Pregnancy and Breastfeeding

Algorithm - Management of Recurrent Acute Uncomplicated UTI

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New Drug Approvals

Travelers Diarrhea

Introduction

Travellers’ Diarrhea Definitions

Travellers’ Diarrhea Pathogens

Investigations

Prevention of Travellersʼ Diarrhea - Nonpharmacologic Choices

Prevention of Travellersʼ Diarrhea - Pharmacologic Choices

Self-Treatment of Travellersʼ Diarrhea

Travellersʼ Diarrhea in Children

Table - Drugs Used for the Prevention and Treatment of Travellersʼ Diarrhea

Choices during Pregnancy and Breastfeeding

Algorithm - Self-Management of Travellersʼ Diarrhea in Adults

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Diabetic Foot Infections

Introduction

Investigations

Differential Diagnosis of Diabetic Foot Infection

Nonpharmacologic Choices

Empiric Therapy for Infection in the Diabetic Foot

Antimicrobial Therapy

Table 1 - Commonly Used Antibiotics for Treating Diabetic Foot Infections

Table 2 - Commonly Used Antibiotics for Treating Diabetic Foot Infections

Prevention of Diabetic Foot Infections

Algorithm - Primary Care Screening Evaluation of Diabetic Foot

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Algorithm - Evaluation and Initial Treatment of Diabetic Foot Infections

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Sexually Transmitted Infections (STD)

Introduction

Investigations

Infections Characterized by Vaginal Discharge

Differential Diagnosis of Vaginal Discharge

Pharmacologic Choices

Table - Antibiotics for the Treatment of Trichomoniasis

Table - Antibiotics for the Treatment of Bacterial Vaginosis

Table - Antifungals for the Treatment of Symptomatic Vulvovaginal Candidiasis

Infections Characterized by Urethritis and Cervicitis

Pharmacologic Choices

Table - Antibiotics for the Treatment of Uncomplicated Chlamydia Infection

Table - Antibiotics for the Treatment of Uncomplicated Anogenital Gonorrhea Infection

Treatment of Sexual Contacts

Infections Characterized by Genital Ulcers

Table - Antibiotics for the Treatment of Syphilis

Table - Antibiotics for the Treatment of Lymphogranuloma Venereum

Management of Anogenital Warts

Table - Topical Drugs for the Treatment of External Anogenital Warts

Table - Vaccines for the Prevention of External Anogenital Warts

Management of Pelvic Inflammatory Disease

Table - Antibiotic Therapy for Inpatient Management of Pelvic Inflammatory Disease

Table - Antibiotic Therapy - Outpatient Management of Pelvic Inflammatory Disease

Choices during Pregnancy and Breastfeeding

Algorithm - Management of Vaginitis and Cervicitis

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Algorithm - Management of Urethritis and Epididymo-orchitis

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Algorithm - Management of Genital Ulcers: Herpes, Lymphogranuloma Venereum and Syphilis

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Algorithm - Management of Anogenital Warts

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Algorithm - Management of Pelvic Inflammatory Disease

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Tuberculosis

Introduction

Investigations

Investigations for TB Disease

Investigations for pulmonary TB

Investigations for extrapulmonary TB

Infection Prevention and Control

Risk Factors Associated with TB

Potential Causes of False-Positive and False-Negative TST Results

Recommended De-isolation Requirements for Pulmonary TB

Nonpharmacologic Choices

Directly Observed Therapy (DOT)

Interpretation of TST Results in the Diagnosis of TB Infection

TB Preventive Therapy Regimens

First-Line Treatment Regimens for Pulmonary TB Disease

Tuberculosis Infection

Tuberculosis Disease

Table - First-Line Antibiotics for the Treatment of M. tuberculosis

Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis

Anti-tuberculous Drug-Induced Hepatotoxicity

Tuberculosis in Special Populations

Choices during Pregnancy and Breastfeeding

Algorithm - Diagnosis and Management of Pulmonary Tuberculosis Disease

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Malaria Prevention

Introduction

Nonpharmacologic Choices

Pharmacologic Choices

Malaria Prophylaxis in Children

Table 1 - Drugs Used for Malaria Chemoprophylaxis

Table 2 - Drugs Used for Malaria Chemoprophylaxis

Choices during Pregnancy and Breastfeeding

Algorithm - Malaria Prophylaxis

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Influenza

Introduction

Investigations

Prevention - Nonpharmacologic Choices

Prevention - Pharmacologic Choices

Treatment

Table - Drugs Used for the Prevention and Treatment of Influenza

Recommended Recipients of Seasonal Influenza Immunization

Table - Vaccines, viral

Choices during Pregnancy and Breastfeeding

Algorithm - Prevention and Control of Influenza in the Long-Term Care Setting

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Algorithm - Treatment of Uncomplicated Influenza-Like Illness in the Community

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Herpes Virus Infections

Introduction

Orolabial HSV Infection

Table - Antivirals for Orolabial and Mouth HSV Infections

Anogenital HSV Infection

Table - Antivirals for Anogenital HSV Infections

Eczema Herpeticum

HSV Encephalitis

Table - Antivirals for HSV Encephalitis

Aseptic Meningitis, Including Recurrent (Mollaret) Lymphocytic Meningitis

HSV Keratoconjunctivitis

Table - Antivirals for HSV Keratoconjunctivitis

Chickenpox (Varicella-Zoster Virus)

Shingles

Table - Antivirals for VZV and HSV infections of the Skin

Table - Vaccines for Prevention of Chickenpox and Shingles

Choices during Pregnancy and Breastfeeding

Algorithm - Management of Herpes Zoster

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Human Immunodeficiency Virus – HIV

Introduction

Investigations

Management of Patients with HIV Infection

Pharmacologic Choices

Antiretroviral Regimen Options for Initial Therapy

Table - Nucleotide Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors (NtRTIs)

Table - Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors (NRTIs)

Table - Non-nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors (NNRTIs)

Table - Protease Inhibitors (PIs)

Table - Integrase Inhibitors

Table - Entry Inhibitors

Table 1 - Combination Antiretrovirals

Table 2 - Combination Antiretrovirals

Choices during Pregnancy and Breastfeeding

Human Immunodeficiency Virus – HIV

Exercise

Opportunistic Infections in HIV-positive Patients

Introduction

Investigations

Nonpharmacologic Choices

Pharmacologic Choices

Preventive Interventions for People Living with HIV

Discontinuation of Prophylaxis

Clinical Syndromes

Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome (IRIS)

Management of Specific HIV-Associated Infections

Table - Drugs for Prophylaxis and Treatment of Herpes Simplex Virus in People with HIV

Table - Drugs for Prophylaxis and Treatment of Mycobacterium avium complex Infections

Table - Drugs for Treatment of Pneumocystis jirovecii and Toxoplasma gondii Infections

Table - Drugs for Prophylaxis and Treatment of Fungal Infections

Table - Drugs for Treatment of Bartonellosis

Table - Drugs for Prophylaxis and Treatment of Cytomegalovirus Infections

Table - Drugs for Treatment of Intestinal Protozoa

Choices during Pregnancy and Breastfeeding

Preferred Agents during Pregnancy

Opportunistic Infections in HIV-positive Patients

Exercise

Infections in the Cancer Patient

Introduction

Investigations

Nonpharmacologic Choices

Antibacterial Therapy

Table - Drugs Used to Treat Bacterial Infections in Cancer Patients

Antifungal Therapy

Table - Drugs Used to Treat Fungal Infections in Cancer Patients

Antiviral Therapy

Table - Drugs Used to Treat Viral Infections in Cancer Patients

Supportive Care Measures

Prevention of Infection in Cancer Patients

Vaccination of Cancer Patients

Algorithm - Approach to Fever in Cancer Patients

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Algorithm - Management of Infection in Febrile Neutropenic Cancer Patients

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Bacterial Skin Infections

Introduction

Nonpharmacologic Choices

Pharmacologic Choices

Systemic Agents

Table 1 - Systemic Antibiotics Used to Treat Bacterial Skin Infections

Table 2 - Systemic Antibiotics Used to Treat Bacterial Skin Infections

Topical Agents

Table - Topical Antibiotics Used in Superficial Bacterial Skin Infections

Prevention

Choices during Pregnancy and Breastfeeding

Algorithm - Management of Bacterial Folliculitis

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Algorithm - Management of Impetigo

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Algorithm - Management of Nonpurulent Cellulitis

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Algorithm - Management of Purulent Skin and Soft Tissue Infections

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Algorithm - Management of Erysipelas

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Algorithm - Management of Human and Animal (e.g., Cat, Dog) Bites

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Fungal Skin Infections

Introduction

Characteristics and Differential Diagnosis of Fungal Skin Infections

Nonpharmacologic Therapy

Dermatophyte Infections

Yeast Infections: Pityriasis Versicolor (Tinea Versicolor)

Yeast Infections: Cutaneous Candidiasis

Table - Topical Antifungal Agents

Topical Antifungal use during Pregnancy and Breastfeeding

Natural Health Products

Monitoring of Therapy

Fungal Nail Infections

Introduction

Investigations

Differential Diagnoses of Fungal Nail Infections

Nonpharmacologic Choices

Pharmacologic Choices

Topical Therapy

Systemic Therapy

Table - Antifungals for the Treatment of Onychomycosis

Chemical or Surgical Avulsion / Device-Based Therapy

Choices during Pregnancy and Breastfeeding

Algorithm - Management of Onychomycosis

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MCQ / Case Studies - Antibiotics Basics

MCQ / Case Studies - Antibiotics - Basics

Exercise

MCQ / Case Studies - Bacterial Infections

Exercise

MCQ / Case Studies - Fungal Infections

Exercise

MCQ / Case Studies - Viral Infections

Exercise

Skin Disorders

6 Exercises • 82 Learning Materials

Acne

Introduction - Acne

Investigations - Acne

Nonpharmacologic Choices - Acne

Topical Agents

Table 1 - Topical Therapy for Acne

Table 2 - Topical Therapy for Acne - Combination Products

Systemic Agents

Table 1 - Systemic Drug Therapy for Acne

Table 2 - Systemic Drug Therapy for Acne - Contraceptives, oral

Choices during Pregnancy and Breastfeeding

Algorithm - Management of Acne

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Acne / Rosacea

Exercise

Atopic Dermatitis

Introduction

Investigations

Nonpharmacologic Choices

Pharmacologic Choices

Table - Topical Treatments - Corticosteroids

Table - Topical Treatments - Antibiotic / Corticosteroid Combinations

Table - Topical Treatments - Calcineurin Inhibitors

Table - Topical Treatments - Phosphodiesterase 4 Inhibitors / Barrier Repair Products

Selection of Topical Corticosteroid by Body Area

Selection of Topical Therapy by Vehicle

Estimating Amount of Topical Therapy for 1 Application Using Fingertip Units

Flare Prevention

Secondary Infection

Sleep Disturbance

Choices during Pregnancy and Breastfeeding

Algorithm - Management of Atopic Dermatitis

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Atopic Dermatitis

Exercise

Pruritus

Introduction

Investigations

Physical Appearance and Management of Common Pruritic Skin Diseases

Medications Associated with Pruritus

Nonpharmacologic Choices

Pharmacologic Choices

Table - Topical Antipruritics

Systemic Therapy of Chronic Pruritus

Choices during Pregnancy and Breastfeeding

Algorithm - Management of Pruritus

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Pruritus

Exercise

Psoriasis

Introduction

Scalp

Face

Hands and Feet

Differential Diagnosis of Plaque Psoriasis of the Hands and Feet

Trunk and Extremities

Fold Areas

Differential Diagnosis of Psoriasis in Fold Areas

Nails

Severe or Treatment-Resistant Psoriasis

Table 1 - Topical Psoriasis Therapies

Table 2 - Topical Psoriasis Therapies

Table - Systemic Psoriasis Therapies - Biologic Agents

Table - Systemic Psoriasis Therapies - Immunosuppressives / Retinoids

Table - Corticosteroids based on Potency

Choices during Pregnancy and Breastfeeding

Algorithm - Management of Mild-Moderate Localized Plaque Psoriasis

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Psoriasis

Exercise

Lice / Scabies

Lice (Pediculosis)

Characteristics and Assessment of Lice

Diagnosis

Nonpharmacologic Therapy - Lice

Pharmacologic Therapy - Lice

Table - Topical Therapy for the Treatment of Head Lice

Monitoring of Therapy - Lice

Algorithm - Management of Head Lice

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Algorithm - Management of Pubic Lice

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Scabies

Characteristics and Assessment of Scabies

Nonpharmacologic Therapy - Scabies

Pharmacologic Therapy - Scabies

Table - Therapy for the Treatment of Scabies

Monitoring of Therapy for Scabies

Algorithm - Management of Scabies

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Lice and Scabies

Exercise

Sunburn

Introduction

Characteristics of Ultraviolet Radiation

UV Index and Risk of Sunburn

Prevention of Sunburn

Medications That May Cause Phototoxic Reactions

Pharmacologic Choices

Organic (Chemical) Sunscreens

Sunscreen Labelling

Sunscreen Application

Safety of Sunscreens

Treatment of Sunburn

Choices during Pregnancy and Breastfeeding

Sunburn

Exercise

Men & Women’s Health

6 Exercises • 98 Learning Materials

Male / Female Sexual Dysfunction

Male Sexual Dysfunction

Investigations

Questions to Clarify Sexual History and Current Sexual Status

Etiologic Clues from Sexual History

Drugs Associated with ED, PE, DE, MHSDD

Management Recommendations Based on Graded Cardiovascular Risk Assessment

Erectile Dysfunction - Nonpharmacologic Choices

Erectile Dysfunction - Pharmacologic Choices

Table - Drug Therapy for Erectile Dysfunction

Algorithm - Assessment and Management of Erectile Dysfunction

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Premature Ejaculation - Nonpharmacologic Choices

Premature Ejaculation - Pharmacologic Choices

Delayed Ejaculation

Male Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder

Female Sexual Dysfunction

Interviewing for Sexual Dysfunction

FSIAD & FOD

Drugs Associated with Female Sexual Dysfunction

FSIAD & FOD - Nonpharmacologic Choices

FSIAD & FOD - Pharmacologic Choices

Genito-pelvic Pain / Penetration Disorder

Factors Contributing to Genito-pelvic Pain/Penetration Disorder

Timing of Pain and Commonly Associated Condition

Genito-pelvic pain/penetration disorder - Nonpharmacologic Choices

Genito-pelvic pain/penetration disorder - Pharmacologic Choices

Erectile Dysfunction / Premature Ejaculation / HSDD

Exercise

Contraception

Introduction

Pharmacologic Choices

Combined Estrogen- and Progestin-Containing Contraceptives (COCs)

Table - Contraceptives, oral—combined estrogen (10 mcg EE) and progestin, monophasic

Table - Contraceptives, oral—combined estrogen (20 mcg EE) and progestin, monophasic

Table - Contraceptives, oral—combined estrogen (30 mcg EE) and progestin, monophasic

Table - Contraceptives, oral—combined estrogen (35 mcg EE) and progestin, monophasic

Table - Contraceptives, oral—combined estrogen and progestin, triphasic

Table - Contraceptives, transdermal

Table - Contraceptives, vaginal ring

Absolute Contraindications to Combined Oral Hormonal Contraception

Hormonal Activity of Combined Oral Contraceptives

Progestin-Only Contraceptives

Table - Contraceptives, progestin-only

Risks Associated with Hormonal Contraception

Management of Adverse Effects of Hormonal Contraceptives

HIV and Contraception

Emergency Postcoital Contraception

Table - Emergency Contraceptive Methods

Contraceptive Choices during Breastfeeding and Postpartum Period

Contraception

Exercise

Endometriosis

Introduction

Investigations

Endometriosis-Associated Pain

Surgical Management of Endometriosis-Associated Infertility or Pain

Analgesics

Hormonal Therapies - COCs / Progestin-Only Contraceptives

Hormonal Therapies - Androgen Agonists / GnRH agonists / antagonist

Table - Hormonal Therapies - COCs

Table - Progestin-Only Contraceptives / Analgesics

Table - Androgen Agonists / GnRH agonists / antagonist

Endometriosis-Associated Infertility

Table - Drugs Used for Endometriosis-Associated Infertility

Choices during Pregnancy and Breastfeeding

Algorithm - Endometriosis Management

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Endometriosis

Exercise

Dysmenorrhea

Investigations

Characteristics of Dysmenorrhea

Nonpharmacologic Choices

Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs)

Table - NSAIDs commonly used for Dysmenorrhea

Combined Hormonal Contraceptives

Progestin-Only Contraceptives

Natural Health Products

Algorithm - Treatment of Dysmenorrhea

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Dysmenorrhea / Menorrhagia

Exercise

Menorrhagia

Introduction

Investigations

Etiology of Abnormal Uterine Bleeding: FIGO Classification (PALM-COEIN)

Surgical Options

Hormonal Therapies

Antifibrinolytics

Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs

Others

Table - Pharmacologic Therapies for the Management of Heavy Menstrual Bleeding

Acute Bleeding

Table - Pharmacologic Therapy for the Management of Acute Menstrual Bleeding

Algorithm - Management of Heavy Menstrual Bleeding

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Menopause

Introduction

Investigations

Nonpharmacologic Choices

Hormone Therapy

Contraindications to Estrogen and Progestogen Therapy

Compounded Bioidentical Hormone Therapy

Risks Associated with Systemic Hormone Therapy

Table - Risks Associated with Hormone Therapy

Table 1 - Hormone Therapy Used in the Management of Menopausal Symptoms

Table 2 - Hormone Therapy Used in the Management of Menopausal Symptoms

Nonhormonal Pharmacological Therapies

Other Nonhormonal Therapies

Table - Nonhormonal Drugs Used in the Management of Menopausal Symptoms

Genitourinary Syndrome of Menopause

Table - Drugs Used in the Management of Genitourinary Syndrome of Menopause

Prevention of Osteoporosis with Hormone Therapy / Mood Changes / Cognition

Algorithm - Treatment of Vasomotor Symptoms

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Menopause

Exercise

Pregnancy and Lactation

Exercise

Distinct Patient Groups

5 Exercises •

Acute & Critical Care Medicine

Exercise

Pediatric Health Conditions

Exercise

Cystic Fibrosis

Exercise

Transplantation

Exercise

Complex Case Studies

Exercise

Herbal Medication & Nutritional Supplements

1 Exercises •

Herbal Medication and Nutritional Supplements

Exercise

Immunization

1 Exercises •

Immunization

Exercise

Compounding

3 Exercises •

Compounding - Core Concepts

Exercise

Compounding - Stability & Excipients

Exercise

Compounding - Preparation & Documentation

Exercise

Pharmaceutical Calculations / Biostatistics

5 Exercises •

Basic Mathematics

Exercise

Compounding

Exercise

Enteral / Parenteral Nutrition

Exercise

Clinical Pharmacy Practice

Exercise

Biostatistics

Exercise

Pharmacy foundation 1

9 Exercises •

Fundamental Principles

Exercise

Biopharmaceutics

Exercise

Pharmacokinetics

Exercise

Pharmacogenomics

Exercise

Nervous System and Drugs

Exercise

Endocrine & Related Drugs

Exercise

Drug References

Exercise

Intravenous Medication

Exercise

Patient Counseling

Exercise

Pharmacy foundation 2

5 Exercises •

Drug Interactions

Exercise

Adverse Drug Reactions / Reporting

Adverse Drug Reactions

Exercise

Toxicology

Exercise

Laboratory Tests / Monitoring

Exercise

Quality / Medication Safety

Exercise

Pharmacy Foundation - III

10 Exercises •

Test Series 1

Exercise

Test Series 2

Exercise

Test Series 3

Exercise

Test Series 4

Exercise

Test Series 5

Exercise

Test Series 6

Exercise

Test Series 7

Exercise

Test Series 8

Exercise

Test Series 9

Exercise

Test Series 10

Exercise

Course Instructor

Pharm Prep

47 Courses • 1874 Students